A bit of Parrot history The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote about his pet parrot named Psittace and thus the order of parrots owes its scientific name to Aristotle' s pet parrot. The word parrot is a generic term used to designate the 350 or so species of birds that belong to the Psittaciforme order. Parrots first made their appearance in Europe about 50 million years ago..Parrots have had a very interesting European history. In ancient Rome, some parrots had their own slaves assigned to them as caretakers, while others were fed to the lions by a roman emperor as legend would have it.
How to recognize Parrots and where to find them in the wild Parrots are a very large family of birds easily recognized by their hook bills and , quite often, their predominantly green plumage. With a few exceptions ( see Thick -billed parrot), their range is restricted to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Parrots favour the warm regions of the world. South and Central America as well as Australasia house the greatest number of parrots by far. Although many can be found in the Pacific Ocean islands, India, southeast Asia, the southern regions of North America, and Africa. Some parrots can be found in the Caribbean countries exclusively. Parrots range in size from the huge macaws and cockatoos to the tiny parrotlets, budgies ,and African lovebirds. In the wild they survive on a diet of seeds, fruits, nuts, greenery. Some parrots species have very long life spans often reaching the age of 50. The most commonly owned pet parrots such as budgies, lovebirds, conures, cockatiels, and parrotlets have short life spans.
Parrot Behaviour
Parrots are charming and very sociable animals. They are well known for their ability to imitate speech, their great agility and their propensity for performing tricks. They are also very affectionate and mischievous.. They are very challenging pets however. Many have realized that parrots are not obedient like dogs and cats, and that they also do not understand punishment. They are very demanding and high maintenance pets. Parrots are known to bite although strangely enough wild parrots are not known to bite other parrots. Wild parrots have screaming matches but do not bite each other..Larger parrots demand an enormous amount of attention. Captive parrots are still wild animals. The very traits that we find endearing can make them difficult as pets. They are undomesticated animals hard wired to live in the wild. As pets, they will not be living in an environment in any way similar to life in the wild and old habits die hard if at all. Some parrots also never learn to talk, or do trick, and some are not interested in entertaining people.
Parrots can be pricey Parrotsare highly prized pets and, sometimes, very highly priced ones as can be seen by the very high market value of some of the rarer species. In the US, at present, the Blue Mutation Amazon will fetch $18-20,000.
Parrot culture in the wild Parrots are beautiful, intelligent and highly sociable birds. In the wild, it is still commonplace for them to use wide tracts of forest for foraging and nesting. These forests are found in the warmest and most bio-diverse parts of the planet, and are quite inhospitable to humans. Parrots gather in flocks that can best be described as parrot communities of varying sizes where they shares common "dialects" and communal activities. A parrot is never alone in the wild. I recall watching a TV documentary several years ago about the parrots of South and Central America, mainly the larger Blue and Gold Macaws, Scarlet and Hyacinth Macaws. These are among the largest parrots of the order and easily the flashiest and most conspicuous parrots. Their flight is like that of jumbo jets and with wingspans of up to 4 feet wide Macaws are able to reach speeds of up to 35mph. Macaws can fly 100s of miles daily foraging for food. Or, in the case of this documentary, to eat "dirt". It was documented on film that large flocks of wild colourful parrots numbering a 1000 plus birds will make occasional trips to eat clay off mountains and river banks. There is an element in this clay that works as an antidote tp the poisonous substance found in the seeds that make up a large part of their diets.
Parrots are forest dwellers
Their natural habitats are definitely inhospitable to human . In the vast tracts of the tropical and subtropical forests that parrots inhabits, they have plenty of food supplies and the luckier large parrots still have a sufficient number of big old trees in which to nest and roost. Parrots normally fend very well for themselves in the wild. They have established flock structures that meet their requirements for safety and communal living.. However their status in the wild is presently threatened by outside forces such as the very active pet trade,deforestation, urban and agricultural development, and in some countries the perception of parrots as crop pests. A third of the 350 species of parrots are on the endangered list at present. The rights of parrots are now protected in most countries and many conservation groups are actively involved in the maintenance of wild parrot populations.
Parrot communities
In the wild, parrots need vast tracts of forest to live out their lives. There they gather in flocks of varying sizes and do most of their everyday activities communally whether it is eating, bathing, preening, establishing their nesting territories etc...This strengthens their bonds and offer them also a sense of safety against would-be predators. There is safety in numbers .Young parrots learn from other flock members all the information they need for their survival such as where the best sources of food can be found, where to sleep,nest, and group dialects.
Parrot survival in the wild
The things needed for the survival of parrots seem simple enough. Assuming the weather conditions are met, the parrots require a wide enough range of forests for foraging and nesting. They also need stable food supplies, and a sufficient number of trees for their nesting and roosting activities. However with all the logging, urbanization and agricultural developments taking place in their natural habitats, the wide tracts of forests needed for their survival is becoming more and more scarce. Scarcity increases the market value of these forests. The trees that provide the parrots with food and the large old trees parrots use for nesting areas are also becoming scarcer on account of logging activities and they too have an increasing market value. The land where the trees are growing is also becoming a rare commodity due to agricultural activities and urbanization and it is also increasing in market value. And finally as many species of the most beautiful parrots are also becoming rarer, and in some cases almost extinct, they too have a high market value and this makes them very vulnerable to trapping for the pet trade.
The illegal trade of parrots
The illegal trade of wildlife is known to be a very lucrative activity. It may well be an exaggeration but some rank its profits in second place after illegal drug trafficking activities. It is difficult t to quantify dollar value of black market activity. It is however possible to measure with a reasonable degree of accuracy the number of animals involved in this trade. One third of the 350 species of wild parrots are currently on the endangered species list and this is due in about equal measure to the pet trade and habitat loss.. Parrots are very highly prized in the pet trade on account of their beauty, exoticism, vocal abilities and the and the general belief that they are very good pet material. Wild parrots are more vulnerable to the pet trade than any other Wild parrots are more vulnerable to the pet trade than any other bird species. In fact, one of the major causes of the decline in their Wild parrots are more vulnerable to the pet trade than any other bird species. In fact, one of the major causes of the decline in their population is the poaching of little parrot chicks from their nest. Sadly, half of the birds captured do not survive the trip to their intended foreign destination. The methods used in their transportation are too barbaric to mention. Wild caught parrots can be had at a cheaper price than those raised locally in aviaries and that also creates a market demand for them The market demand for large rare parrots and the large profits involved in the trade of these birds make the poaching of parrots an economic activity in itself ..Ironically, the rarer the species the higher its market value.Species on the endangered list such as the Hyacinth Macaw can easily fetch over $10,000 retail. In 1992, the US congress enacted a law that makes it illegal to import wild caught birds, and the EU imposed a ban on imports in 2005. These laws have somewhat dampened illegal pet trade activities but so has the conservation efforts and various eco-tourism projects.
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Parrots now Nowadays we have about 350 species of parrots. The order is broadly divided between 2 families: true parrots and cockatoos. Parrots are known for their vocal abilities and some are indeed great talkers. They will imitate human speech, household appliances, other animals and various other sounds. It is truly remarkable given that they do not have vocal cords.. Nevertheless some parrots develop 1000 plus word vocabularies. Technically that makes hem fluent does it not? There is some dispute;as to whether parrots can use language ,i.e, associate words with their meanings and use them in context, or simply imitate human speech in the same manner that they can and likely will imitate any other sounds. However, wild parrots do have flock dialects and their imitation of human speech may be, for them, just another dialect they learn to bond with their human flocks..